AUTO CAD MATERIAL

Introduction of Auto Cad:

Auto cad can be defined as the use of computer system to assist in the creation, modification, analysis of optimization of design. Computer aided design (CAD) is the process of doing design with the aid of computers .This includes generation of computers models, analysis of design data and creation of drawings. CAD is relatively a new and rapidly expanding area in mechanical engineering .AUTO CAD is used for design and mainly drafting activities. Auto cad is developed by Autodesk .Inc ,in 1982

Auto cad is the most widely used CAD software and one of the most powerful and user friendly. Auto cad is ideal for architects, construction engineers, managers and other professionals within the building and designing industry.

Drawing is a language of engineers. Graphic language is used among the engineers. An effective communicating tool is graphic language. Engineering drawing is widely used in mechanical, production, auto mobile, aeronautical, chemical, and marine and electrical engineering to describe an engineering machine. Picture is better than a million words. Picture is represented by pixels .Pixels is the smallest picture on screen.

Now-a-days, computers aided Design/Drafting (CAD) is becoming popular because of its simplicity and accuracy in drawing, repeatability and fast work. As per the latest method, geometrical model of the object with all dimensions with physical properties can be prepared by using computers. The computers software commonly used for drafting are Auto Cad 2000, Mini CAD etc. PRO/engineer,  uni graphics, integrated engineering analysis software(IDEAS),computer aided 3-dimensional interactive application(CATIA),solid works, iron cad, mechanical desktop(mdt) with AutoCAD 2000 are leading modeling(design)cum drafting software packages are commonly used engineering packages.

Computer Aided Design and Drafting is a technology that is about the use of computers in the application of engineering design and development. This technology came into the market during early 80’s.Since the inception, the technology has grown to a very large extent and today any engineering project is nearly impossible to think without this technology.

Today, the computer industry has grown to such an extent that you get both faster and cheaper hardware and software that makes the engineering design cycle very fast and affordable. One can produce any engineering design, either in 2D or 3D just on top of the table, almost in no time .Your design idea can be transformed into a 3D model. Inside the computer with every geometric detail complete. The 3D model that was so built can be visualized with proper material assignment without actually manufacturing it. Besides visualization, you can also do analysis for various mechanical components to check for heat or pressure. For example, mechanical components that are subjected to heat such as combustion engine parts can be designed and tested how it reacts to the pressure and temperature during the operating conditions of engine.

If you are into the architectural design project , you can build a full size model of your work on the computer screen, add lights and even have a walk through the model that you are designing of no brick, no paint, nothing. Today, the technology has grown to that extent.

Merits of CAD over manual drafting:

1. Design can be consistently accurate, clear and faster.

2. Drawings are stored in electronic format in computers .With sufficient backup space required for is far lesser than required for storing the manmade paper drawings.

3. Documents can be maintained safely for a longer period. No natural factors such as moisture could spoil the documents.

4. Retrieval of documents is faster than that of manual drawings.

5. Editing and modification of drawing is easy.

6. Directly we can construct and visualize a 3D model. The CAD software can quickly produce the orthographic views of component or assembly.

7. Repetitive and time consuming activities such as cross-hatching, dimensioning can be done much faster care at a time.

8. We can stimulate real life situation such as wind, sun light, pressure and temperature and visualize how the model or design would react in a given situation.

9. There is flexibility in design.

10. Design analysis is made.

11. Fewer design errors.

12. There is improvement in design with shorter lead time.

Auto cad has several features:

®    Group related parts of the drawing together and turn their display on or off at will.

®    Manipulate drawing entities separately or in groups as though they were a single drawing entity.

®    Create an untitled library of custom made drawing entitles and symbols and insert them into different drawings at will.

®    Add dimension information to your drawing ,easily by selecting relevant points on a drawing entity

®    Automate AutoCAD by means of command scripts that execute a series of commands in sequence. This can also be done by programming AutoCAD with Auto LISP.

®    Create drawings that can e exported and used in other graphics programs.

®    Construct 3D wire-frame models of objects in 3D space and view them from any angle.

®    Create sectional views of objects in 3D entities automatically by using an AutoCAD feature called clipping planes to temporarily block out selected portions of the drawing.

®    Advanced versions of AutoCAD is icon based and provides solid modeling features like other high end CAD packages.

1. Increased and accuracy and productivity compared to traditional method.

2. Cost effective and flexible, even small scale fabrication industries can take advantage of it.

3. Can be e-transmitted

4. Changes can be incorporated very fast.

5. Production drawings can be created very fast.

6. Area, mass properties, centre of gravity, moment of inertia can be calculated.

7. Easy visualization and hence customer satisfaction.

8. Templates and programming for consistency and drafting standards.

9. See the model before the equipment is actually manufactured.

10. Analysis and tests can be performed on the model like destructive test, heat and cold test etc.

11. Latest version of AutoCAD has the power of drawings over the internet.

Selection methods:

1.      Object picking method

      Select object with mouse

2.      Window method

      From Right side (Blue)

3.      Cross hair method

      From Left side (Green)

       Functions keys:

·         F1 –  Help ON/OFF

·         F2 –  Text window ON/OFF

·         F3 –  Object snap ON/OFF

·         F4 – 3D Object snap ON/OFF

·         F5 – Isoplane Top/Right/Left

·         F6 – Dynamic UCS ON/OFF

·         F7 – Grid ON/OFF

·         F8 – Ortho ON/OFF ( 0⁰, 90⁰, 180⁰, 270⁰ )

·         F9 -  Snap ON/OFF

·         F10 –  Polar ON/OFF ( Every 30⁰ )

·         F11 –  Object snap tracking ON/OFF

·         F12 –  Dynamic input

AUTO – CAD REQUIREMENTS:

To work on auto cad it requires the following:-

1.       CPU [Central processing unit – which contains hard disk mother board, ram / floppy drive etc.]

2.      Monitor: - IT works like drawing sheet, you can draw or big drawing on screen. the command prompt is for typing & upper menus are called status

3.      Keyboard: - IT is use typewriter; you can type the data/ text from this.

4.      Mouse.:- IT is the alternate of key board all the commands can be layers

Opening Auto CAD

Auto cad is designed to work in a windows operating system. In general to open Auto CAD. Either double clicks on the Auto short cut in the windows desktop the menu which then appears.

When working in education or in industry computers may be configuration to allow other methods of opening Auto CAD 2014 such as a list appearing on the computer in use where the computers is switched on form which the operator can select the program they wish to use.

Grip points:

If a line is drawn, there are 3 grip points (End point, Middle point, End point) they are grip points

Coordinate System:

1.      Absolute method Syntax: (X,Y)

2.      Relative rectangular method Syntax: @(X,Y)

3.       Polar method Syntax: @Length<Angle

Absolute method:

In this method each and every point is calculated based on origin point

                            

Relative rectangular method:

In this method each and every point is calculated on previous point

                              

Polar method:

In this method each and every point is calculated based on Distance & Angle

                              

POINT:

Command: PO←

Current point modes:  PDMODE=0  PDSIZE=0.0000

Specify a point:

POINT STYLES:

Command: DDPTYPE←

LINE:

Command: L←

LINE Specify first point:

Specify next point or [Undo]:  <Ortho on> 10

Specify next point or [Undo]:

LIMITS:

Command: limits←

Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0.0000,0.0000>: 0,0

Specify upper right corner <210.0000,297.0000>: 210,297 (A4 isze)

Command: limits←

Reset Model space limits:

Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0.0000,0.0000>: on

UNITS:

Command: UN←

CONSRTUCTION LINE:

Command: XL←

HORIZONTAL LINE:

Command: XL←

XLINE Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]: H←

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

VERTICAL LINES:

Command: XL←

XLINE Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]: V←

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

{C} ANGULAR LINES:

Command: XL←

XLINE Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]: A←

Enter angle of xline (0) or [Reference]:  45

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

Specify through point:

OFFSET:

Command: O←

Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0

Specify offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <30.0000>: 50

Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>:

Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] <Exit>:

Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>:

Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] <Exit>:

OPTIONS:

Command: OP←

ZOOM:

Command: Z←

 [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>:E

Command: Z←

 [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>:A

Command: Z←

 [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>:O←

Select objects: ←

Command: Z←

 [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: w

Specify first corner:

Specify opposite corner:

RECTANGLE:

A. {AREA METHOD}:

Command: REC←

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0,0

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: A

Enter area of rectangle in current units <100.0000>: 200

Calculate rectangle dimensions based on [Length/Width] <Length>: L

Enter rectangle length <10.0000>: 20

B.DIMENSION METHOD:

Command: REC←

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0,0

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: D

Specify length for rectangles <20.0000>: 20

Specify width for rectangles <10.0000>: 10

C.CHAMFER:

Command: REC←

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: C←

Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles <0.0000>: 2

Specify second chamfer distance for rectangles <2.0000>: 3

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0,0

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: 20,20.

D.FILLET:

Command: REC←

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: F←

Specify fillet radius for rectangles <2.0000>: 2

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0,0

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: 20,20

E.THICKINESS:

Command: REC←

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: T←

Specify thickness for rectangles <0.0000>: 5

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: D

Specify length for rectangles <20.0000>: 20

Specify width for rectangles <10.0000>: 10

F.WIDTH:

Command: REC←

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: W←

Specify line width for rectangles <0.0000>: 2

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0,0

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: 10,10

CIRCLE:

Command: C←

CIRCLE Specify centre point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: D

Specify diameter of circle: 50

A.2P METHOD:

Command: C←

Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 2P

Specify first end point of circle's diameter:

Specify second end point of circle's diameter:

B.3P METHOD:

Command: C

CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 3P

Specify first point on circle:

Specify second point on circle:

Specify third point on circle:

C. TTR(Tan Tan Radius)

Command: C←

 Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: T

Specify point on object for first tangent of circle:

Specify point on object for second tangent of circle:

Specify radius of circle <5.7247>: 2

D. TTT(Tan Tan Tan)

Go to Draw→Circle→Tan Tan Tan

Command: circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: _3p Specify first point on circle: _tan to

Specify second point on circle: _tan to

Specify third point on circle: _tan to

MIRROR:

Command: MI←

Select objects: 1 found

Select objects:

Specify first point of mirror line:

Specify second point of mirror line:

Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:N←

BREAK:

Command: BR←

BREAK Select object:

Specify second break point or [First point]: f

Specify first break point:

Specify second break point:

JOIN:

Command: J←

JOIN Select ` source: 1 found

Select lines to join to source:

1 line joined to source:

POLYGON:

EDGE METHOD

\

Command: POL←

POLYGON Enter number of sides <5>: 6

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: E←

Specify first endpoint of edge:

 Specify second endpoint of edge: 25

INSCRIBED IN CIRCLE:

 

Command: POL←

POLYGON Enter number of sides <5>: 6

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]:

Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: I←

Specify radius of circle: 30

Command: C

CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 2P

Specify first end point of circle's diameter:

Specify second end point of circle's diameter:

CIRCUMSRIBED ABOUT CIRCLE:

Command: POL←

POLYGON Enter number of sides <8>: 6

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]:

Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: C←

Specify radius of circle: 30

Command: C

CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <30.0000>: 30

RAY:

Command: RAY

Specify start point: 

Specify through point: @15<30

Specify through point:

MULTILINE:

Command: ML←

Specify start point or [Justification/Scale/STyle]:  S

Enter mline scale <20.00>:  20

Current settings: Justification = Top, Scale = 20.00, Style = STANDARD

Specify start point or [Justification/Scale/STyle]:

Specify next point:

Specify next point or [Undo]:

ARC:

3 POINTS ARC:

Command: A←

Specify start point of arc or [Center]:

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:

Specify end point of arc:

TYPES OF ARCS:

DONUT:

Command: DONUT←

Specify inside diameter of donut <5.0000>: 10

Specify outside diameter of donut <15.0000>: 15

Specify center of donut or <exit>:

ARRAY:

A.RECTANGULAR ARRAY:

Command: AR←

Select objects: 1 found

B.POLAR ARRAY:

 Command: AR←

Select objects: 1 found

Select objects:

ELLIPSE:

A.ELLIPSE END POINT METHOD:

Command: EL←

Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]:

Specify other endpoint of axis: 10

Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 3

B.ELLIPSE CENTER POINT METHOD:

 Command: EL←

ELLIPSE

Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: C←

Specify center of ellipse:

Specify endpoint of axis: 5

Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 3

C.ARC METHOD;

Command: EL←

Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: A←

Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]:

Specify other endpoint of axis:  <Ortho on> 10

Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 3

Specify start angle or [Parameter]: 0

Specify end angle or [Parameter/Included angle]: 90

POLYLINE:

Command: PL←

Specify start point:

Current line-width is 0.0000

Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: L

Specify length of line: 10

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10

pecify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10

A.HALF WIDTH:

Command: PL←

Specify start point: 0,0

Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: H

Specify starting half-width <0.0000>: 2

Specify ending half-width <2.0000>: 4

Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10,0

B.WIDTH:

Command: PL←

Specify start point: 0,0

Current line-width is 8.0000

Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: W←

Specify starting width <8.0000>: 4

Specify ending width <4.0000>: 8

Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10,0

ROTATE:

Command: RO←

Select objects: 1 found

Select objects:

Specify base point:

Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] <0>: 45

SCALE:

Command: SC←

Select objects: 1 found

Select objects:

Specify base point:

Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1.0000>: 2

LIST:

Command: LI←

Select objects: 1 found

   LWPOLYLINE  Layer: "0"

   Space: Model space

   Handle = 4f4

 Closed

 Constant width    0.0000

              area   260.9314

        Perimeter   71.4324

          at point  X=1788.2999  Y= 967.5623  Z=   0.0000

          at point  X=1813.7724  Y= 967.5623  Z=   0.0000

          at point  X=1813.7724  Y= 977.8059  Z=   0.0000

          at point  X=1788.2999  Y= 977.8059  Z=   0.0000

LENGTHEN:

Command: LENGTHEN

Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: P

Enter percentage length <150.0000>: 150

Select an object to change or [Undo]:

WIPEOUT:

When frame :on

When frame :off

Command: WIPEOUT←

Specify first point or [Frames/Polyline] <Polyline>:

Specify next point:

Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Command: WIPEOUT←

Specify first point or [Frames/Polyline] <Polyline>: F

Enter mode [ON/OFF] :

MULTIPLE:

Command: MUL←

Enter command name to repeat: rec

RECTANG

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]:

SOLID:

Command: SO←

Specify first point:

Specify second point:

Specify third point:

Specify fourth point or <exit>:

FILL:

Command: FILL←

Enter mode [ON/OFF] <ON>: OFF

REGENERATING MODEL:

Command: RE←

REVISION CLOUD:

Command: REVCLOUD←

Minimum arc length: 1   Maximum arc length: 1   Style: Calligraphy

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>: A

Specify minimum length of arc <1>: 1

Specify maximum length of arc <1>: 1

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>:

Guide crosshairs along cloud path...

Revision cloud finished.

A.FOR RECTANGLE & CIRCLE:

Command: REVCLOUD←

Minimum arc length: 1   Maximum arc length: 1   Style: Calligraphy

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>: O

Select object:

Reverse direction [Yes/No] <No>: YES

TABLE:

Command: TABLE←

TABLEDIT:

Command: TABLEDIT←

Pick a table cell:

DIMCENTER:

Command: DIMCENTER←

Select arc or circle:

DIMINSPECT:

Command: DIMINSPECT←

Select dimensions:1 found

LINE TYPES:

Command: LT←

LINE TYPE SCALE:

Command: LTS←

LTSCALE Enter new line type scale factor <1.0000>: 1.0

COLOUR:

Command: COL←

AREA:

Command: AA←

Specify first corner point or [Object/Add area/Subtract area] <Object>:

Specify next point or [Arc/Length/Undo]:

Specify next point or [Arc/Length/Undo]:

Specify next point or [Arc/Length/Undo/Total] <Total>:

Specify next point or [Arc/Length/Undo/Total] <Total>:

SPecify next point or [Arc/Length/Undo/Total] <Total>:

IDENTITY:

Command: ID←

Specify point:  X = 7836.7558     Y = 3907.3845     Z = 0.0000

RASTER IMAGE REFERENCE: 

GO TO>> INSERT >> SELECT RASTER IMAGE REFERENCE >>

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Command: XR←

BLOCK:

Command: B←

Select objects: 1 found

Select objects:

Specify insertion base point:

BLOCKEDIT:

Command: BE←

INSERT:

Command: I←

WBLOCK:

Command: WBLOCK←

Command: WBLOCK Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 1 found

Select objects:

Specify insertion base point

MATCH PROPERTIES:

Command: MATCHPROP←

Select source object:

Current active settings:  Color Layer Ltype Ltscale Line weight Thickness

Plot Style Dim Text Hatch Polyline Viewport Table Material Shadow display

Multilayer

Select destination object(s) or [Settings]:

Select destination object(s) or [Settings]:

HATCHING:

Command: H←

Specify origin point:

Select objects or [pick internal point/remove Boundaries]:1 found

HATCHEDIT:

Command: HATCHEDIT←

GRADIENT:

                   

Command: H←

Select objects or [picK internal point/remove Boundaries]:Specify opposite

corner: 3 found

Select objects or [picK internal point/remove Boundaries]:

                          

LAYERS:

Command: LA←

DIMENSION STYLE MANAGER:

Command:D←

                                                                    3D

BOX:

Command: BOX←

Specify first corner or [Center]:

Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]:

Specify height or [2Point] <50.0000>: 100

CYLINDER:

Command: CYLINDER←

Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]:

Specify base radius or [Diameter]: 30

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint] <100.0000>: 150

CONE:

Command: CONE←

Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]:

Specify base radius or [Diameter] <30.0000>: 30

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius] <150.0000>: 100

PYRAMID:

Command: PYRAMID←

Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]:

Specify base radius or [Inscribed]: 100

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]: 200

SPHERE:

Command: SPHERE←

Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]:

Specify radius or [Diameter] <30.0000>: 50

WEDGE:

Command: WEDGE←

Specify first corner or [Center]:

Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: 200

Specify height or [2Point] <60.0000>: 50

TORUS:

Command: TORUS←

Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]:

Specify radius or [Diameter] <100.0000>: 100

Specify tube radius or [2Point/Diameter] <50.0000>: 30

EXTRUDE:

A.RECTANGLE:

Command: EXT←

Current wire frame density:  ISOLINES=4

Select objects to extrude: 1 found

Select objects to extrude:

Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <50.0000>: 4

B.CIRCLE: 

Command: EXT←

Current wire frame density:  ISOLINES=4

Select objects to extrude: Specify opposite corner: 1 found

Select objects to extrude:

Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <4.0000>: 15

C.ELLIPSE:

Command: EXT←

Current wire frame density:  ISOLINES=4

Select objects to extrude: 1 found

Select objects to extrude:

Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <15.0000>: 10

LOFT:

Command: LOFT←

Select cross sections in lofting order: 1 found

Select cross sections in lofting order: 1 found, 2 total

Select cross sections in lofting order: 1 found, 3 total

Select cross sections in lofting order:

Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross sections only] <Cross sections only>:

REVOLVE:

Command: REV←

Current wire frame density:  ISOLINES=4

Select objects to revolve: 1 found

Select objects to revolve:

Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <Object>:

Specify axis endpoint:

Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle] <360>:

SWEEP:

Command: SW←

Current wire frame density:  ISOLINES=4

Select objects to sweep: 1 found

Select objects to sweep:

Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]:

POLY SOLID:

Command: PSOLID←

Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>:

Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]:

Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]:

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Undo]:

PRESSPULL:

Command: PRESSPULL←

Click inside bounded areas to press or pull.

1 loop extracted.

SMOOTH OBJECT[MESH]:

Command: MESHSMOOTHMORE←

Select mesh objects to increase the smoothness level: '_.MESHSMOOTHMORE

>>Select mesh objects to increase the smoothness level: 1 found

>>Select mesh objects to increase the smoothness level:

UNION:

Command: UNI←

Select objects: 1 found

Select objects: 1 found, 2 total

Select objects:

SUBSTRACT:

Command: SU←

SUBTRACT Select solids, surfaces, and regions to subtract from ..

Select objects: 1 found

HELIX:

Command: HELIX←

Number of turns = 3.0000    Twist=CCW

Specify center point of base:

Specify base radius or [Diameter] <10.0000>: 10

Specify top radius or [Diameter] <10.0000>: 10

Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/tWist] <20.0000>: 20

Command: _sweep

Current wire frame density:  ISOLINES=4

Select objects to sweep: 1 found

Select objects to sweep:

Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: